Genesis 22:15 - Divine promise after ultimate test

Genesis 22:15 - בראשית 22:15

Hebrew Text

וַיִּקְרָא מַלְאַךְ יְהוָה אֶל־אַבְרָהָם שֵׁנִית מִן־הַשָּׁמָיִם׃

English Translation

And the angel of the Lord called to Avraham out of heaven the second time,

Transliteration

Vayikra malach Adonai el-Avraham sheinit min-hashamayim.

Hebrew Leining Text

וַיִּקְרָ֛א מַלְאַ֥ךְ יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם שֵׁנִ֖ית מִן־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃

🎵 Listen to leining

Parasha Commentary

The Angel's Second Call to Avraham

The verse states: "And the angel of the Lord called to Avraham out of heaven the second time" (Genesis 22:15). This occurs immediately after the Akeidah (Binding of Isaac), where Avraham demonstrated his unwavering faith in Hashem by being willing to sacrifice his son.

Rashi's Explanation

Rashi explains that the angel called a second time to emphasize that the message was from Hashem Himself, not merely the angel's own words. The first call (Genesis 22:11) was to stop Avraham from slaughtering Yitzchak, while this second call conveys a divine blessing (Rashi on Genesis 22:15). This distinction highlights that the initial intervention was urgent, whereas the second call carries eternal significance.

Rambam's Perspective

Rambam (Maimonides) discusses prophecy in Moreh Nevuchim (Guide for the Perplexed 2:42), noting that angels often serve as intermediaries for divine communication. Here, the angel's second call reinforces that Avraham's test was complete, and his reward—the covenant and blessings—was now being affirmed directly from heaven.

Midrashic Insights

  • Midrash Bereishit Rabbah (56:2) teaches that the second call symbolizes the dual nature of Avraham’s merit: his willingness to sacrifice Yitzchak and his trust in Hashem’s promise. The repetition underscores the eternal impact of his actions.
  • Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer (31) suggests that the second call was necessary to comfort Avraham after the traumatic ordeal, assuring him that his descendants would be blessed as a result of his obedience.

Kabbalistic Interpretation

The Zohar (1:120b) interprets the "second call" as a revelation of chesed</em (divine kindness) following the gevurah (severity) of the test. The duality reflects the balance of divine attributes—mercy emerging after judgment.

Halachic Significance

The Mishneh Torah (Hilchot Yesodei HaTorah 7:6) cites this verse as an example of prophetic communication through an angel, demonstrating that true prophecy aligns with Torah principles. The second call affirms that Avraham’s actions were in accordance with divine will.

📚 Talmud Citations

This verse is quoted in the Talmud.

📖 Chullin 16b
The verse is referenced in a discussion about the nature of divine communication and the role of angels in delivering messages from God.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Why did the angel call to Avraham a second time in Genesis 22:15?
A: According to Rashi, the angel called a second time to emphasize the importance of the message and to reassure Avraham after the test of the Akeidah (Binding of Isaac). The first call (in verse 11) was to stop him from sacrificing Yitzchak, while the second call delivers Hashem's blessing and covenant.
Q: What is the significance of the angel calling from heaven in Genesis 22:15?
A: The Midrash explains that the angel calling from heaven symbolizes divine approval and a heavenly perspective. It shows that Avraham's actions during the Akeidah were aligned with Hashem's will, and the blessings that follow come directly from a heavenly source.
Q: What can we learn from the angel's second call to Avraham in this verse?
A: The Rambam teaches that this verse teaches the importance of divine communication and reassurance. Just as Avraham received confirmation and blessing after his test, we learn that steadfast faith and obedience to Hashem are ultimately rewarded, even after difficult challenges.
Q: How does Genesis 22:15 connect to the broader story of the Akeidah?
A: The Sforno explains that this verse serves as the conclusion to the Akeidah narrative. After Avraham demonstrated his complete devotion to Hashem, the second call from the angel reinforces the covenant and blessings, showing that the test was ultimately for Avraham's spiritual growth and the future of the Jewish people.
Q: Why is the term 'malach Hashem' (angel of the Lord) used here instead of Hashem speaking directly?
A: Rashi and other commentators explain that a 'malach' (angel) is often used as an intermediary for divine communication in situations requiring specific messages or actions. Here, the angel delivers Hashem's words to emphasize the importance of the moment while maintaining the reverence due to direct divine speech.