Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does Exodus 18:24 mean when it says Moshe listened to his father-in-law?
A: This verse shows that Moshe humbly accepted the advice of his father-in-law, Yitro (Jethro), who suggested appointing judges to help lead the Jewish people (Exodus 18:17-23). Despite being the great leader of Israel, Moshe recognized wisdom from others, teaching us the importance of humility and accepting good counsel.
Q: Why is Moshe listening to Yitro important in the Torah?
A: This moment is important because it demonstrates that even a leader as great as Moshe could learn from others. The Talmud (Eruvin 54b) teaches that one should learn Torah from anyone, and Rashi explains that Moshe's willingness to listen shows true wisdom. It also established the system of judges in Jewish leadership.
Q: What lesson can we learn from Moshe accepting Yitro's advice?
A: We learn that true greatness includes being open to good advice, even from those who may seem 'less important.' The Rambam (Hilchot De'ot 4:1) teaches that a person should consider advice carefully and accept what is truthful. Moshe's example shows that wisdom can come from any source if it aligns with Torah values.
Q: How does Moshe's action in this verse apply to leadership today?
A: This teaches that good leaders must be willing to delegate and accept help when needed. The Midrash (Mechilta) notes that Moshe's humility in accepting Yitro's plan prevented burnout and created a sustainable system of justice. Today, this reminds leaders to build teams and value others' input.
Q: Did Moshe have to listen to Yitro since he was a non-Jew?
A: Yes, Moshe listened because Yitro's advice was wise and aligned with Torah principles. The Talmud (Bava Metzia 59b) teaches that truth must be accepted regardless of its source. Yitro, though originally a Midianite priest, became a righteous convert (Rashi on Exodus 18:11), and his counsel benefited the Jewish people.
Moshe's Humility in Accepting Counsel
The verse (Shemot 18:24) states that Moshe listened to Yitro's advice regarding establishing a judicial system. Rashi explains that this demonstrates Moshe's exceptional humility, as he was willing to accept constructive criticism and implement changes despite his lofty status as the leader of Bnei Yisrael.
The Significance of "Voice"
The phrase "וישמע משה לקול חתנו" ("Moshe hearkened to the voice of his father-in-law") is noteworthy. The Midrash Tanchuma (Yitro 10) comments that the term "voice" implies Moshe didn't just hear Yitro's words superficially, but deeply internalized and understood the wisdom behind them.
Implementation of Advice
The conclusion of the verse - "ויעש כל אשר אמר" ("and did all that he had said") - teaches us several lessons according to Orthodox Jewish thought:
Leadership Lessons
The Talmud (Bava Batra 8a) cites this episode as a model for proper leadership - even the greatest leader must be willing to delegate and establish systems to properly serve the people. The Maharsha explains that true leadership isn't about personal glory but about what's best for the community.