Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does it mean that 'the Lord spoke to Moshe'?
A: This phrase appears frequently in the Torah to introduce divine commandments. According to Rashi, it emphasizes that Moshe received these words directly from Hashem, not from his own understanding. The Talmud (Yoma 4b) explains that every communication was precise and clear.
Q: Why does the Torah keep repeating 'the Lord spoke to Moshe'?
A: The Ramban explains that each repetition shows a new divine communication, separating different commandments. The Midrash (Sifra) teaches that this phrasing also honors Moshe, showing how Hashem would pause between statements to give him time to understand each teaching properly.
Q: What can we learn from how Hashem spoke to Moshe?
A: The Talmud (Berachos 31b) derives from here that we should learn to speak clearly and deliberately. Just as Hashem paused between communications to Moshe, we should be careful in how we express ourselves. The Rambam (Hilchos Dei'os 5:7) also uses this as a model for proper speech.
Q: Why does it say 'saying' at the end of the verse?
A: Rashi explains that the word 'saying' (לֵּאמֹר) indicates that Moshe was commanded to repeat these words to the Jewish people. The Sifra adds that this teaches us the importance of accurately transmitting Torah teachings without adding or omitting anything.
Q: How does this verse apply to us today?
A: The Mesillas Yesharim (Chapter 1) explains that just as Moshe received the Torah directly from Hashem, we must approach Torah study with the awareness that these are divine words. The Chofetz Chaim teaches that this verse also reminds us of our obligation to carefully transmit Torah knowledge to others, as Moshe did.
The Divine Communication to Moshe
The phrase "וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר" ("And the Lord spoke to Moshe, saying") appears frequently in the Torah, marking the transmission of divine commandments. Rashi (Shemot 6:2) explains that this expression signifies a clear and direct communication from Hashem to Moshe, often introducing mitzvot or prophetic messages. The term "דיבור" (speech) implies a strong and forceful transmission, as opposed to softer forms of communication like "אמירה" (saying).
The Significance of "לֵּאמֹר"
The word "לֵּאמֹר" ("saying") indicates that Moshe was to relay the message to Bnei Yisrael. Ramban (Bereishit 1:1) notes that this term often appears when the prophecy is meant for public dissemination, emphasizing Moshe's role as the intermediary between Hashem and the people. The Sforno adds that this underscores the importance of transmitting Torah teachings accurately and without alteration.
Moshe's Unique Prophetic Status
The Talmud (Yevamot 49b) teaches that Moshe's prophecy was unique—Hashem spoke to him "פה אל פה" ("mouth to mouth"), with unparalleled clarity. Rambam (Hilchos Yesodei HaTorah 7:6) elaborates that Moshe alone received prophecy while fully awake and cognizant, unlike other prophets who experienced visions or dreams.