Numbers 4:27 - Levites serve under priestly command

Overview of the Verse

The verse (Bamidbar 4:27) describes the responsibilities of the Gershonite Levites in transporting the Mishkan (Tabernacle) under the supervision of Aharon and his sons, the Kohanim. Their duties included carrying specific parts of the Mishkan, and their work was to be meticulously overseen.

Rashi's Commentary

Rashi explains that the phrase "עַל־פִּי אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו" ("by the order of Aharon and his sons") means that the Gershonites were not permitted to perform their tasks independently. Rather, they acted only upon direct instruction from the Kohanim, who were responsible for ensuring that each item was transported properly. This emphasizes the hierarchical structure of the Mishkan's service.

Rambam's Perspective

In Hilchos Klei HaMikdash (Laws of the Temple Vessels), Rambam elaborates on the division of labor among the Levites. The Gershonites were entrusted with carrying the curtains and coverings of the Mishkan (as detailed in Bamidbar 4:25-26), but their work required supervision to prevent errors in handling sacred objects.

Midrashic Insights

The Midrash Tanchuma (Bamidbar 6) highlights the importance of following precise instructions in divine service. The Gershonites, though Levites, were subordinate to the Kohanim, teaching that even those engaged in holy work must submit to proper authority to maintain the sanctity of their tasks.

Key Lessons from the Verse

• Hierarchy in Service: The Levites' subordination to the Kohanim reflects the Torah's emphasis on structured leadership in avodas hakodesh (holy service).
• Accountability: The phrase "וּפְקַדְתֶּם עֲלֵהֶם" ("you shall appoint them in charge") underscores the need for oversight to ensure mitzvos are performed correctly.
• Collective Responsibility: Even though the Gershonites had distinct duties, their work was part of a larger system requiring coordination with others.