Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Who was Gamliel ben Pedahzur mentioned in Numbers 10:23?
A: Gamliel ben Pedahzur was the leader appointed over the tribe of Menashe (Menashshe) during the Israelites' journey in the wilderness. According to Rashi, he was a prince (nasi) of his tribe, chosen to represent them in matters of leadership and organization, as described in the Torah's account of the tribal leaders.
Q: Why is the tribe of Menashe mentioned in this verse?
A: The tribe of Menashe is mentioned here as part of the detailed organization of the Israelite camp during their travels in the wilderness. Each tribe had a designated leader, and Menashe's leader was Gamliel ben Pedahzur. The Torah lists these leaders to emphasize the orderly structure of the nation, as explained in the Midrash and commentaries.
Q: What can we learn from the mention of tribal leaders like Gamliel in the Torah?
A: The Torah's mention of leaders like Gamliel teaches us the importance of strong, organized leadership within the Jewish people. Rambam (Maimonides) discusses how proper leadership ensures unity and direction, especially during challenging times like the wilderness journey. Each tribe had its role, showing that every individual and group contributes to the collective mission.
Q: How does the structure of the Israelite camp apply to Jewish life today?
A: The structure of the Israelite camp, with its tribal leaders like Gamliel, serves as a model for communal organization in Jewish life. Just as each tribe had its role, today's Jewish communities rely on leaders—rabbis, teachers, and lay leaders—to guide and unify the people. The Talmud (Sanhedrin 2a) discusses the importance of leadership roles in maintaining Torah values and communal harmony.
Commentary on Bamidbar 2:20
The verse states: "And over the host of the tribe of the children of Menashshe was Gamli᾽el the son of Pedażur." This describes the leadership structure of the tribe of Menashe during their travels in the wilderness.
Gamli᾽el's Role as Nasi
Rashi (Bamidbar 1:10) explains that Gamli᾽el was appointed as the Nasi (prince) of the tribe of Menashe. The term "host" (צְבָא) refers to the military arrangement of the tribe, as each tribe was organized for both travel and defense. Ramban (Bamidbar 2:3) adds that the Nasi was responsible for maintaining order and ensuring the tribe followed Hashem's commands during their journeys.
Significance of Gamli᾽el's Lineage
The mention of Gamli᾽el as "the son of Pedażur" is significant. The Midrash (Bamidbar Rabbah 2:7) notes that Pedażur's name means "the Rock (i.e., Hashem) has redeemed," indicating divine providence in the selection of leaders. Sforno emphasizes that leadership in Klal Yisrael was not based on heredity alone but on merit and divine appointment.
Connection to the Tribe of Menashe
Leadership Lessons
The Or HaChaim (Bamidbar 2:20) teaches that Gamli᾽el's appointment reminds us that true Jewish leadership requires humility and service to the community. Just as Moshe Rabbeinu was the humblest of men (Bamidbar 12:3), the Nesi'im were chosen for their dedication to Klal Yisrael, not personal glory.