Deuteronomy 28:58 - Consequences of Torah neglect?

Context in Sefer Devarim

This verse appears in Devarim 28:58, within the section of the Tochacha (rebuke), where Moshe warns Bnei Yisrael of the consequences of failing to observe the Torah. The emphasis is on the seriousness of fulfilling all mitzvot and maintaining proper yirat Shamayim (fear of Heaven).

Rashi's Explanation

Rashi comments that the phrase "לְיִרְאָה אֶת־הַשֵּׁם" ("to fear the Name") teaches that the ultimate purpose of Torah observance is to cultivate awe of Hashem. He notes that the Torah is not merely a set of rituals but a means to develop a deep, reverential relationship with the Divine.

Rambam on Yirat Hashem

In Hilchot Yesodei HaTorah (2:1-2), Rambam explains that fearing Hashem is a fundamental mitzvah, preceding even the study of Torah. The verse underscores that Torah observance must be coupled with sincere reverence—otherwise, it becomes mechanical and devoid of its true purpose.

Midrashic Insights

• Sifrei Devarim: The phrase "הַנִּכְבָּד וְהַנּוֹרָא" ("glorious and fearful") refers to the dual aspects of Hashem’s presence—His kindness (glory) and His justice (fear). Proper observance balances love and awe.
• Midrash Tanchuma: The "book" mentioned here alludes to the entire Torah, emphasizing that neglecting even a single mitzvah undermines the covenant.

Practical Implications

The verse serves as a reminder that Torah observance must be holistic—not selective—and always accompanied by yirah. The Vilna Gaon teaches that fear of Hashem is the "container" (kli) that holds all mitzvot; without it, the "light" of Torah cannot endure.