Deuteronomy 16:5 - Where to offer Passover sacrifice?

Deuteronomy 16:5 - דברים 16:5

Hebrew Text

לֹא תוּכַל לִזְבֹּחַ אֶת־הַפָּסַח בְּאַחַד שְׁעָרֶיךָ אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נֹתֵן לָךְ׃

English Translation

Thou mayst not sacrifice the passover within any of thy gates, which the Lord thy God gives thee:

Transliteration

Lo tuchal lizboach et-hapasach be'achad she'arecha asher-Adonai Elohecha noten lach.

Hebrew Leining Text

לֹ֥א תוּכַ֖ל לִזְבֹּ֣חַ אֶת־הַפָּ֑סַח בְּאַחַ֣ד שְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁר־יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽךְ׃

🎵 Listen to leining

Parasha Commentary

Prohibition of Sacrificing the Korban Pesach Outside the Mikdash

The verse (Devarim 16:5) prohibits offering the Korban Pesach (Passover sacrifice) "within any of thy gates" - meaning outside the designated place of the Beit HaMikdash (Holy Temple). This commandment establishes that the Pesach sacrifice may only be slaughtered in the location chosen by Hashem for His Divine Presence.

Rashi's Explanation

Rashi clarifies that "within any of thy gates" refers to any city other than Yerushalayim (Jerusalem), where the Beit HaMikdash stood. He emphasizes that this mitzvah applies specifically when the Mishkan or Beit HaMikdash is standing, as the Pesach must be brought to the place of the Divine Presence (based on Sifrei).

Rambam's Halachic Perspective

In Hilchot Korban Pesach (1:3), the Rambam codifies this prohibition, stating that sacrificing the Pesach outside the Azarah (Temple courtyard) violates both a positive commandment and a negative commandment. This reflects the Torah's emphasis on centralized worship in the Mikdash.

Midrashic Insight

The Mechilta (Bo 12) connects this verse to the original Pesach offering in Egypt, noting that even then the blood was placed on the doorposts - the "gates" of Jewish homes - symbolizing that true sacrificial service must be directed toward Hashem's chosen place of worship.

Contemporary Implication

While we currently cannot bring the Korban Pesach due to the absence of the Beit HaMikdash, this verse reminds us of:

  • The centrality of Yerushalayim in Jewish worship
  • The importance of following Torah's precise commandments regarding sacrifices
  • The yearning for the rebuilding of the Beit HaMikdash when we will again fulfill this mitzvah properly

📚 Talmud Citations

This verse is quoted in the Talmud.

📖 Pesachim 85b
The verse is discussed in the context of the laws regarding where the Passover sacrifice may be offered, emphasizing that it must be brought to the chosen place (the Temple in Jerusalem) and not within any other city gates.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What does Deuteronomy 16:5 mean when it says not to sacrifice the Passover 'within any of thy gates'?
A: This verse means that the Passover sacrifice (Korban Pesach) could only be offered in the designated place where G-d chose to rest His Presence—specifically, the Mishkan (Tabernacle) or later the Beit HaMikdash (Holy Temple) in Jerusalem. 'Within any of thy gates' refers to private homes or local altars, which were forbidden for this offering (Rashi, Rambam Hilchot Korban Pesach 1:3).
Q: Why was the Passover sacrifice only allowed in the place G-d chose?
A: The Torah emphasizes centralized worship to prevent idolatry and improper sacrifices. By requiring the Passover offering to be brought only in the Mishkan or Beit HaMikdash, the Torah ensures unity in service of G-d and guards against unauthorized practices (Devarim 12:5-14, Rambam Hilchot Beit HaBechirah 1:1-3).
Q: How did the Jewish people observe Passover after the Temple was destroyed?
A: After the destruction of the Beit HaMikdash, the physical Passover sacrifice could no longer be offered. Instead, the Sages established the Passover Seder, where we retell the story of Yetziat Mitzrayim (Exodus), eat matzah and maror, and mention the Korban Pesach in the Haggadah (Pesachim 116a, Rambam Hilchot Chametz U’Matzah 8:1).
Q: What lesson can we learn from the restriction on where to bring the Passover sacrifice?
A: This teaches the importance of following Torah laws precisely, especially regarding sacred matters. Just as the Passover offering required the proper place and intent, our mitzvot today should be performed with mindfulness and adherence to halachah (Talmud Zevachim 2a, Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 487).
Q: Does this verse imply that other sacrifices were allowed outside the Temple?
A: No. While earlier in Jewish history (before the centralization of worship), certain offerings were permitted on private altars (bamot), Deuteronomy 12:13-14 later forbids all sacrifices outside the Beit HaMikdash. The Passover sacrifice in particular had even stricter limitations (Mishnah Zevachim 14:4-8, Rambam Hilchot Ma’aseh HaKorbanot 19:1).