Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does Deuteronomy 28:7 mean?
A: Deuteronomy 28:7 is a blessing from Hashem (G-d) promising that if the Jewish people follow His commandments, He will protect them from their enemies. The verse states that enemies who attack will be defeated—they will come against Israel in one direction but flee in seven different ways, symbolizing total victory and divine assistance (Rashi on Deuteronomy 28:7).
Q: Why is this verse important in Judaism?
A: This verse is part of the 'Tochecha' (rebuke and blessings) in Deuteronomy, emphasizing that keeping the Torah brings divine protection. It teaches that Hashem fights for the Jewish people when they are faithful to Him, reinforcing the concept of reward for mitzvot (commandments) (Rambam, Hilchot Teshuvah 9:1).
Q: How does this verse apply to Jewish life today?
A: While we may not see literal battles like in biblical times, this verse reminds us that Hashem protects those who follow His ways. It encourages trust in G-d during challenges, whether personal or national, and reinforces the importance of Torah observance (Talmud, Berachot 20a).
Q: What does 'flee in seven ways' symbolize?
A: The number seven represents completeness in Jewish tradition (e.g., seven days of creation). Here, it means enemies will scatter in every possible direction, showing total defeat (Midrash Tanchuma, Ki Tavo 1).
Q: Does this verse guarantee physical victory in war?
A: The verse is conditional—it depends on the Jewish people upholding the Torah. Historically, victories like those of King David were seen as fulfillments of this principle (Rashi on Deuteronomy 28:1). Today, we understand divine protection as multifaceted, not always physical (Talmud, Megillah 17b).
Understanding the Verse
The verse (Devarim 28:7) is part of the blessings enumerated in Parashat Ki Tavo, where Hashem promises protection and victory to Bnei Yisrael if they follow His commandments. The imagery of enemies being defeated in battle is a recurring theme in Tanach, emphasizing Divine intervention on behalf of the Jewish people.
Rashi's Commentary
Rashi explains that the phrase "they shall come out against thee one way" means the enemies will unite in a single, coordinated attack. However, "they shall flee before thee seven ways" indicates that their retreat will be chaotic and disorganized, scattering in multiple directions. This demonstrates Hashem’s power to turn their unified strength into utter confusion.
Ibn Ezra's Insight
Ibn Ezra adds that the number "seven" symbolizes completeness, meaning the enemies will flee in every possible direction, leaving no avenue for regrouping. This reflects the totality of their defeat.
Midrashic Interpretation
The Midrash (Devarim Rabbah 7:4) elaborates that the "one way" refers to the enemies' initial confidence, while the "seven ways" signifies their subsequent humiliation. The Midrash also connects this to the seven nations of Canaan, suggesting that just as they were defeated, so too will future enemies be vanquished.
Rambam's Perspective
Rambam (Hilchot Melachim 12:5) discusses this verse in the context of the Messianic era, where the ultimate fulfillment of Divine protection will be realized. He emphasizes that true victory comes from adherence to Torah, not merely military strength.
Practical Lessons