Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does it mean that Hashem appeared in a pillar of cloud?
A: According to Rashi (Deuteronomy 31:15), the pillar of cloud was a visible sign of Hashem's presence and glory resting upon the Mishkan (Tabernacle). This was a continuation of how Hashem guided the Israelites in the wilderness with a pillar of cloud by day (Exodus 13:21-22). The cloud represented divine protection and communication.
Q: Why did the cloud stand at the entrance of the Tent?
A: The Midrash (Tanchuma Pekudei 5) explains that the cloud at the entrance served as a sign that Hashem was ready to communicate with Moshe. It was like a respectful 'knock' before entering, showing that even though Hashem's presence filled the Mishkan, there was still a boundary at the entrance where the Divine presence would pause before Moshe entered to receive prophecy.
Q: Is there significance to the cloud appearing specifically in the Tent (Mishkan)?
A: Yes, the Rambam (Moreh Nevuchim 1:64) teaches that the Mishkan was the designated place for the Divine presence to dwell among the Israelites after the revelation at Mount Sinai. The cloud in the Mishkan showed that Hashem's presence had moved from the mountain to dwell among the people in their camp, demonstrating the ongoing relationship between Hashem and Israel.
Q: How does this verse connect to our prayers today?
A: The Talmud (Berachos 8a) draws a parallel between the Mishkan and synagogues, teaching that just as Hashem's presence was in the Mishkan, it is also present in synagogues today. When we see a synagogue (often called a 'mikdash me'at' - a small sanctuary), we should remember the cloud of Hashem's presence that rested on the Mishkan and approach prayer with that same awe.
Q: What lesson can we learn from the pillar of cloud?
A: The Sforno (Deuteronomy 31:15) explains that the cloud teaches us about Hashem's constant guidance. Just as the cloud visibly led the Israelites, we should recognize that Hashem guides us in our lives, even if we don't see a physical cloud. The cloud also represents humility - just as a cloud is soft and yielding, we should approach divine service with humility.
Appearance of the Divine Presence in the Tent
The verse describes the manifestation of Hashem's presence in the Ohel Moed (Tent of Meeting) through a pillar of cloud. Rashi (on Shemot 33:9) explains that this cloud was a visible sign of the Divine Presence (Shechinah) resting upon the Mishkan, indicating that Hashem was communicating with Moshe. The pillar of cloud served both as a marker of holiness and as a barrier, demonstrating that even when Hashem reveals Himself, there remains an element of separation between the Divine and human realms.
The Significance of the Cloud at the Tent's Entrance
The positioning of the cloud at the entrance of the Tent carries deep symbolism. The Ramban (on Shemot 33:9) notes that this placement signifies that while Hashem's presence dwelled within the Mishkan, it was also accessible to the people of Israel—represented by the cloud being at the threshold. This teaches that holiness is not confined to the innermost sanctum but extends outward, influencing all who approach with reverence.
Lessons from the Pillar of Cloud