Exodus 10:24 - Pharaoh's deceptive compromise?

Pharaoh's Conditional Permission

The verse (Shemot 10:24) describes Pharaoh's reluctant concession to allow Bnei Yisrael to worship Hashem, but with conditions. Rashi explains that Pharaoh was willing to let the adults go but insisted the livestock remain in Egypt. This reveals Pharaoh's lingering hope that Bnei Yisrael would return, as their livelihood (flocks and herds) would be held hostage.

The Significance of the Flocks and Herds

Ramban notes that Pharaoh's demand to keep the livestock was strategic. The animals were needed for idolatrous sacrifices in Egypt, and Pharaoh sought to prevent their use for divine service to Hashem. Additionally, the livestock represented wealth and economic stability—by retaining them, Pharaoh maintained leverage over Bnei Yisrael.

Pharaoh's Concession Regarding the Children

Pharaoh's statement, "let your little ones also go with you," appears to be a shift from his earlier refusal (Shemot 10:10-11). The Midrash (Shemot Rabbah 13:6) suggests that Pharaoh recognized Moshe's insistence on including children in worship, fearing that leaving them behind would undermine the purpose of serving Hashem. However, his concession was insincere—he still sought to weaken their commitment.

Spiritual and Practical Implications

• Test of Faith: Pharaoh's conditions were a test of Bnei Yisrael's dedication. True service of Hashem requires complete commitment, without compromises (Sforno).
• Economic Control: By withholding their livestock, Pharaoh sought to ensure their eventual return, demonstrating how material possessions can be used to enslave spiritually (Kli Yakar).
• Generational Continuity: Moshe's insistence on bringing children highlights the importance of educating the next generation in divine service, a principle later codified in the mitzvah of chinuch (Rambam, Hilchot Talmud Torah).