Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does it mean to 'anoint the laver and its pedestal' in Exodus 40:11?
A: In Exodus 40:11, anointing the laver (כִּיֹּר) and its pedestal (כַּנּוֹ) with oil signifies their sanctification for use in the Mishkan (Tabernacle). Rashi explains that this anointing, done with special anointing oil (shemen hamishcha), set these vessels apart for holy service, just as the Kohanim (priests) and other sacred items were anointed for their roles in divine worship.
Q: Why was the laver in the Mishkan so important?
A: The laver (כִּיֹּר) held water for the Kohanim to wash their hands and feet before performing service in the Mishkan (Exodus 30:18-21). The Rambam (Hilchos Beis Habechira 1:17) emphasizes that this ritual washing was essential—without it, the Kohanim could not serve. The laver thus symbolized purity and preparation for divine service, teaching us the importance of approaching sacred duties with reverence and cleanliness.
Q: What can we learn today from the sanctification of the laver?
A: The sanctification of the laver teaches that even mundane acts (like washing) become elevated when done with holy intent. The Midrash (Tanchuma, Tzav 14) notes that the laver was made from mirrors donated by Jewish women—highlighting how everyday objects can be transformed for sacred purposes. Today, this reminds us to infuse ordinary actions (like washing hands or preparing food) with mindfulness of Hashem’s presence.
Q: How was the laver anointed, and what oil was used?
A: The laver and its pedestal were anointed with the same sacred anointing oil (shemen hamishcha) used for the Mishkan’s vessels and Kohanim (Exodus 30:22-33). Rashi (on Exodus 40:9) explains that this oil contained a unique blend of spices, symbolizing wisdom and divine favor. The Talmud (Horayot 11b) states that this oil was prepared under Moshe Rabbeinu’s direct supervision, ensuring its holiness.
Q: Why does the verse mention sanctifying the laver separately from other vessels?
A: While other vessels (like the Ark or Altar) were anointed earlier (Exodus 40:9-10), the laver’s separate mention highlights its unique role in maintaining ritual purity. The Kli Yakar (Exodus 40:11) notes that the laver facilitated the Kohanim’s daily purification, making it foundational to all service. Its distinct sanctification underscores that spiritual preparation is as vital as the service itself.
The Anointing of the Kiyor (Laver) and Its Significance
The verse (Shemot 30:28) commands the anointing (mishcha) of the Kiyor (laver) and its pedestal (kano), followed by their sanctification (kiddush). Rashi explains that this anointing was performed with the sacred anointing oil (shemen hamishcha), just as the other vessels of the Mishkan were anointed (Rashi on Shemot 30:26-28). This act elevated the Kiyor to a state of holiness, designating it for divine service.
Purpose and Symbolism of the Kiyor
The Kiyor held water used by the Kohanim for ritual washing (netilas yadayim) before performing service in the Mishkan. The Rambam (Hilchos Beis Habechira 1:16) emphasizes that this washing was not merely for physical cleanliness but a spiritual preparation, symbolizing purity of heart and mind before approaching sacred duties. The Midrash (Tanchuma, Tzav 13) further connects the Kiyor to the concept of repentance, as water represents purification from sin (based on Yechezkel 36:25).
Why the Kiyor Required Anointing
The Dual Command: Anointing and Sanctification
The verse specifies both anointing (umashachta) and sanctification (vekidashto). The Kli Yakar explains that anointing with oil represents the vessel's potential for holiness, while sanctification actualizes that potential through its use in divine service. This mirrors the relationship between kedushah (inherent holiness) and taharah (ritual purity) in Jewish thought.