Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does it mean that the cloud covered the Tent of Meeting?
A: According to Rashi, the cloud covering the Tent of Meeting (Ohel Moed) was a visible sign of Hashem's presence resting upon the Mishkan (Tabernacle). This cloud was a manifestation of the Divine Presence (Shechinah), showing that G-d had accepted the Mishkan as a dwelling place for His glory.
Q: Why is the glory of Hashem filling the Mishkan important?
A: The glory of Hashem filling the Mishkan signifies the completion of the Tabernacle and its sanctification as a holy place where G-d would communicate with Moshe (Moses) and the Jewish people. The Rambam explains that this event marked the beginning of the Divine service in the Mishkan, establishing it as the central place of worship for Israel.
Q: What can we learn from the cloud covering the Mishkan?
A: The Midrash teaches that the cloud symbolized G-d's protection and guidance over the Jewish people. Just as the cloud covered the Mishkan, Hashem watches over and protects those who dedicate their lives to His service. It also teaches humility—just as the cloud concealed the Divine Presence, we should approach holiness with reverence and modesty.
Q: How does this verse apply to us today?
A: Although we no longer have the Mishkan, the Talmud (Berachot 8a) teaches that synagogues and study halls are considered 'miniature sanctuaries' (Mikdash Me'at). Just as the Shechinah dwelled in the Mishkan, we can still experience holiness in places of Torah study and prayer today.
Q: Was the cloud always present over the Mishkan?
A: Yes, according to the Talmud (Yoma 38a), the cloud was a constant presence over the Mishkan during the day, and a pillar of fire replaced it at night. This was a sign that Hashem never abandoned His people, even during their travels in the wilderness.
The Cloud Covering the Tent of Meeting
The verse describes the divine cloud covering the Ohel Moed (Tent of Meeting), signifying the tangible presence of the Shechinah (Divine Presence) resting upon the Mishkan. Rashi (Exodus 40:34) explains that this cloud was a manifestation of the same cloud that had previously guided the Israelites in the wilderness (Exodus 13:21-22), now permanently dwelling over the Mishkan as a sign of Hashem's favor and closeness to His people.
The Glory of Hashem Filling the Mishkan
The phrase "כבוד ה' מלא את המשכן" ("the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle") indicates a revelation of divine majesty. Ramban (Nachmanides) comments that this was not merely a symbolic presence but an actual, overwhelming manifestation of holiness, preventing even Moshe Rabbeinu from entering (Exodus 40:35). The Midrash (Shemot Rabbah 45:6) elaborates that this glory was so intense that it resembled a consuming fire, yet it did not destroy the Mishkan—a parallel to the burning bush (Exodus 3:2).
Significance in Jewish Tradition
Practical Implications
The presence of the cloud served as a practical guide for the Israelites: when it lifted, they journeyed; when it rested, they encamped (Numbers 9:17-23). This reinforced the principle of bitachon (trust in Hashem) and the idea that every movement of the nation was directed by divine will.