Exodus 9:28 - Pharaoh's hollow repentance plea

Exodus 9:28 - שמות 9:28

Hebrew Text

הַעְתִּירוּ אֶל־יְהוָה וְרַב מִהְיֹת קֹלֹת אֱלֹהִים וּבָרָד וַאֲשַׁלְּחָה אֶתְכֶם וְלֹא תֹסִפוּן לַעֲמֹד׃

English Translation

Entreat the Lord that there be no more mighty thunderings and hail; and I will let you go, and you shall stay no longer.

Transliteration

Ha'atiru el-Adonai ve-rav mihyot kolot Elohim u-varad va-ashalchah etchem ve-lo tosifun la'amod.

Hebrew Leining Text

הַעְתִּ֙ירוּ֙ אֶל־יְהֹוָ֔ה וְרַ֕ב מִֽהְיֹ֛ת קֹלֹ֥ת אֱלֹהִ֖ים וּבָרָ֑ד וַאֲשַׁלְּחָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א תֹסִפ֖וּן לַעֲמֹֽד׃

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Parasha Commentary

Context in the Exodus Narrative

This verse (Exodus 9:28) appears during the seventh plague of hail, where Pharaoh, temporarily humbled by the devastation, asks Moshe and Aharon to intercede with Hashem to stop the thunder and hail. Rashi explains that Pharaoh's plea demonstrates his recognition of Hashem's power at that moment, though his repentance was not sincere, as he later hardened his heart again (Shemot Rabbah 12:1).

Pharaoh's Conditional Promise

The phrase "וַאֲשַׁלְּחָה אֶתְכֶם וְלֹא תֹסִיפוּן לַעֲמֹד" ("I will let you go, and you shall stay no longer") reveals Pharaoh's insincerity. The Ramban notes that Pharaoh does not commit to freeing Bnei Yisrael permanently but only to a temporary cessation of their labor—a far cry from Moshe's demand of complete liberation. The Midrash Tanchuma (Va'eira 14) highlights that Pharaoh consistently sought to negotiate partial concessions rather than submit fully to Hashem's will.

The Nature of the Plague

The "קֹלֹת אֱלֹהִים וּבָרָד" ("mighty thunderings and hail") were uniquely terrifying. The Talmud (Berachot 54b) teaches that the hail contained fire within ice—a supernatural phenomenon symbolizing Hashem's mastery over opposing forces. The Sforno adds that the thunder (kolot) served as divine warnings, giving Egyptians time to repent by bringing their servants and livestock indoors (Exodus 9:19-20).

Lessons in Prayer and Leadership

  • Moshe's Role as Intercessor: Despite Pharaoh's deceit, Moshe prays for the plague to end (Exodus 9:33), modeling the responsibility of leaders to seek mercy even for adversaries (Rambam, Hilchot Teshuvah 2:6).
  • Human Agency vs. Divine Will: Pharaoh's request for prayer ("הַעְתִּירוּ אֶל־יְהוָה") acknowledges human ability to influence divine decrees through sincere repentance—a principle later expanded in Talmudic teachings on tefillah (Yoma 86a).

📚 Talmud Citations

This verse is not quoted in the Talmud.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What does Pharaoh mean when he says 'Entreat the Lord' in Exodus 9:28?
A: Pharaoh is asking Moshe (Moses) to pray to Hashem to stop the plague of hail and thunder. According to Rashi, this shows Pharaoh's temporary recognition of Hashem's power during the plagues, though his repentance was not sincere (as seen later when he hardens his heart again).
Q: Why does Pharaoh mention 'thunderings and hail' specifically in this verse?
A: The thunder and hail were part of the seventh plague in Egypt (Exodus 9:22-26). The Midrash explains that this plague was especially terrifying because it combined fire (hail) and water, which normally cannot coexist—demonstrating Hashem's complete control over nature.
Q: What can we learn from Pharaoh's request in Exodus 9:28?
A: The Rambam teaches that Pharaoh's behavior here is an example of insincere repentance—he only sought relief from suffering but did not truly change his ways. This teaches us that real teshuvah (repentance) requires sincere commitment to improvement, not just temporary pleading during hardship.
Q: How does this verse show the power of prayer in Judaism?
A: Even though Pharaoh was wicked, his request acknowledges that Moshe's prayers to Hashem could affect change. This reflects a key Jewish belief—as taught in the Talmud (Berachot 10a)—that sincere prayer can influence Divine decrees, especially when offered by righteous individuals like Moshe.
Q: Why does Pharaoh say 'I will let you go' if he later refuses?
A: As Rashi explains, Pharaoh repeatedly made false promises during the plagues. His words here were empty—he had no intention of freeing Bnei Yisrael permanently. This pattern shows the danger of deceit and the importance of keeping one's word, a value emphasized in Jewish ethics (see Talmud, Shevuot 39a).