Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does 'Thy brother came with cunning' mean in Genesis 27:35?
A: This verse refers to Yaakov (Jacob) receiving the blessing from Yitzchak (Isaac) that was originally intended for Esav (Esau). The word 'cunning' (מִרְמָה) implies that Yaakov used wisdom and strategy, not deception, as Rashi explains that Rivka (Rebecca) instructed Yaakov to do this because she knew through prophecy that Yaakov was more deserving of the blessings.
Q: Why was the blessing so important in Genesis 27:35?
A: The blessing was a spiritual inheritance that included leadership of the family and the future destiny of the Jewish people. According to the Midrash, these blessings were not just material but also carried divine promises, making them crucial for the continuation of Avraham's legacy.
Q: How does this verse apply to us today?
A: This teaches us the importance of spiritual priorities. While Esav focused on physical desires (as seen earlier when he sold his birthright for food), Yaakov valued the blessings. Today, we learn to prioritize Torah and mitzvot over temporary physical gains, as Rambam emphasizes in Hilchot De'ot about making wise choices in life.
Q: Was Yaakov wrong for taking the blessing in this way?
A: Traditional Jewish sources defend Yaakov's actions. The Midrash (Bereishit Rabbah) explains that Rivka acted based on divine insight, knowing Yaakov was spiritually fit for the blessing. Additionally, Esav had already shown unworthiness by selling his birthright (Genesis 25:33) and engaging in improper behavior, as noted by Rashi.
Q: What can we learn from Esav's reaction in this verse?
A: Esav's anger (seen later in Genesis 27:41) teaches us about the consequences of neglecting spiritual opportunities. The Talmud (Avodah Zarah 11a) discusses how Esav represents those who prioritize the physical world over eternal values. His regret highlights the importance of appreciating spiritual blessings before it's too late.
Context of the Verse
The verse (Bereshit 27:35) is part of the narrative where Esau discovers that Yaakov (Jacob) has received the blessings intended for him from their father, Yitzchak (Isaac). Esau accuses Yaakov of deceit, exclaiming that his brother came "בְּמִרְמָה" (with cunning) to take his blessing.
Rashi's Explanation
Rashi (Bereshit 27:35) interprets the word "בְּמִרְמָה" (with cunning) as an act of wisdom and strategy rather than outright deception. He notes that Yaakov acted under Rivka's (Rebecca's) instruction, who had received a divine prophecy that "the elder shall serve the younger" (Bereshit 25:23). Thus, Yaakov's actions were aligned with Hashem's will, ensuring the blessings would go to the rightful heir.
Midrashic Insights
Rambam's Perspective
Rambam (Hilchot De'ot 5:13) discusses the concept of ethical deception in exceptional circumstances. He implies that Yaakov's actions were justified because they served a higher spiritual purpose—preserving the covenant of Avraham (Abraham) for the chosen lineage.
Theological Implications
This episode underscores the principle that divine destiny cannot be thwarted. Though Yaakov's methods may appear questionable, the outcome was ordained by Hashem. The Sages (Talmud, Megillah 6a) teach that "the Holy One, blessed be He, makes the righteous stumble in a matter of truth to uphold truth in the world." Yaakov's actions were a means to uphold the truth of the covenant.