Genesis 29:27 - Honor marriage's sacred timing?

Context of the Verse

The verse (Genesis 29:27) is part of the narrative where Lavan speaks to Yaakov after the latter has worked seven years to marry Rachel, only to be given Leah instead. Lavan proposes that Yaakov complete the "week" of Leah's marriage celebration, after which he may also marry Rachel in exchange for another seven years of labor.

Rashi's Explanation

Rashi (Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki) comments on the phrase "מַלֵּא שְׁבֻעַ זֹאת" ("fulfill her week") that this refers to the seven days of feasting traditionally held for a bride and groom (based on Judges 14:12). Lavan was insisting that Yaakov complete the week of celebration for Leah before marrying Rachel. Rashi also notes that the term "שְׁבֻעַ" (shevuah) can mean either "week" or "oath," but in this context, it clearly refers to the seven-day wedding celebration.

Ibn Ezra's Insight

Ibn Ezra (Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra) emphasizes that Lavan's proposal was deceptive from the outset. He points out that Lavan had no intention of giving Rachel to Yaakov after the initial seven years, as evidenced by his demand for another seven years of labor. This aligns with Lavan's character as a trickster, as seen throughout the narrative.

Midrashic Interpretation

The Midrash (Genesis Rabbah 70:19) delves deeper into the phrase "בַּעֲבֹדָה אֲשֶׁר תַּעֲבֹד עִמָּדִי" ("for the service which thou shalt serve with me"). It suggests that Lavan's wording implies Yaakov's labor would be for Lavan's benefit, not as a dowry for Rachel. This highlights Lavan's selfishness and exploitation of Yaakov's dedication to Rachel.

Halachic Perspective

Rambam (Maimonides) discusses the ethical implications of Lavan's actions in Hilchos Mechirah (Laws of Selling). While not directly commenting on this verse, his principles on fair dealings underscore that Lavan's behavior—switching brides and demanding additional labor—violates the Torah's standards of honesty and integrity in business and personal agreements.

Key Lessons

• Deception and Consequences: Lavan's trickery ultimately leads to his own downfall, as Yaakov outwits him later (Genesis 30:37-43). This teaches that dishonest dealings are self-defeating.
• Yaakov's Perseverance: Yaakov's willingness to work another seven years for Rachel demonstrates his unwavering commitment, a trait praised by Chazal (our Sages).
• Divine Justice: The narrative shows how Hashem ensures justice, as Yaakov is eventually rewarded for his patience and righteousness despite Lavan's deceit.