Genesis 39:13 - False accusation tests righteousness

Genesis 39:13 - בראשית 39:13

Hebrew Text

וַיְהִי כִּרְאוֹתָהּ כִּי־עָזַב בִּגְדוֹ בְּיָדָהּ וַיָּנָס הַחוּצָה׃

English Translation

And it came to pass, when she saw that he had left his garment in her hand, and was fled outside,

Transliteration

Vay'hi kir'otah ki-azav bigdo b'yadah vayanas hachutza.

Hebrew Leining Text

וַֽיְהִי֙ כִּרְאוֹתָ֔הּ כִּֽי־עָזַ֥ב בִּגְד֖וֹ בְּיָדָ֑הּ וַיָּ֖נׇס הַחֽוּצָה׃

🎵 Listen to leining

Parasha Commentary

Context of the Verse

This verse (Bereshit 39:12) describes the moment when Yosef (Joseph) fled from the advances of Potiphar's wife, leaving his garment in her hand. The incident is part of the larger narrative of Yosef's trials in Egypt and his unwavering commitment to righteousness despite temptation.

Rashi's Commentary

Rashi explains that Yosef's flight was not merely physical but also symbolic of his spiritual resistance. He notes that Yosef "fled outside" (וַיָּנָס הַחוּצָה) to avoid sin, demonstrating his moral strength. Rashi further emphasizes that Yosef's actions were in line with the principle of "fleeing from sin," as taught in Pirkei Avot (4:2): "Wherever immorality is found, the Shechinah departs."

Midrashic Insights

  • The Midrash (Bereshit Rabbah 87:7) compares Yosef's garment to his moral integrity. By leaving it behind, he symbolically preserved his purity, even at the cost of his physical possessions.
  • Another Midrash (Yalkut Shimoni 146) suggests that Yosef's flight was divinely orchestrated, leading to his eventual rise to power in Egypt, fulfilling the dreams he had earlier.

Rambam's Perspective

In Hilchot De'ot (2:2), Rambam discusses the importance of distancing oneself from situations that may lead to sin. Yosef's actions exemplify this principle, as he did not merely resist temptation but actively removed himself from the environment of sin. Rambam praises this as the ideal way to overcome the yetzer hara (evil inclination).

Symbolism of the Garment

Commentators like the Kli Yakar highlight that the garment represents externalities—worldly attachments—while Yosef's flight symbolizes prioritizing spiritual integrity over material concerns. The garment left behind serves as a metaphor for how one must sometimes abandon superficial things to preserve inner holiness.

Halachic Implications

The Gemara (Sotah 36b) derives from this episode that one must be willing to sacrifice even honor or possessions to avoid sin. Yosef's willingness to flee, despite potential repercussions, sets a precedent for the severity of avoiding immoral situations.

📚 Talmud Citations

This verse is quoted in the Talmud.

📖 Sotah 9b
The verse is referenced in the discussion about the incident of Joseph and Potiphar's wife, illustrating Joseph's righteousness in fleeing from sin.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is happening in Genesis 39:13?
A: In Genesis 39:13, Yosef (Joseph) flees from the wife of Potiphar after she tries to seduce him. She grabs his garment, but he leaves it behind and runs outside to avoid sinning. This shows Yosef's righteousness and commitment to Hashem's laws, even in a difficult situation.
Q: Why did Yosef leave his garment behind?
A: Yosef left his garment behind because Potiphar's wife was holding onto it tightly as she tried to pull him toward her. According to Rashi and Midrashic sources, Yosef chose to flee rather than give in to temptation, even if it meant leaving his clothing behind. This teaches the importance of avoiding sin at all costs.
Q: What lesson can we learn from Yosef's actions in this verse?
A: Yosef's actions teach us the importance of resisting temptation and fleeing from situations that could lead to sin. The Talmud (Sotah 36b) praises Yosef for his self-control and devotion to Hashem. This serves as a model for how we should act when faced with moral challenges.
Q: Why is this moment significant in Yosef's story?
A: This moment is significant because it demonstrates Yosef's moral strength and trust in Hashem, even when faced with great temptation. According to Rambam (Hilchot Issurei Biah 22:18), Yosef's refusal to sin despite the circumstances set the foundation for his future leadership in Egypt and his role in Jewish history.
Q: How does this verse apply to us today?
A: This verse reminds us to prioritize our spiritual integrity over temporary desires. Just as Yosef fled from sin, we must also distance ourselves from situations that could lead us astray. The Midrash (Bereshit Rabbah 87:7) emphasizes that Yosef's merit in this moment protected future generations, showing that righteous choices have lasting impact.