Genesis 44:29 - Father's grief over lost son

Genesis 44:29 - בראשית 44:29

Hebrew Text

וּלְקַחְתֶּם גַּם־אֶת־זֶה מֵעִם פָּנַי וְקָרָהוּ אָסוֹן וְהוֹרַדְתֶּם אֶת־שֵׂיבָתִי בְּרָעָה שְׁאֹלָה׃

English Translation

and if you take this also from me, and mischief befall him, you shall bring down my grey hairs with sorrow to She᾽ol.

Transliteration

Ul'kachtem gam-et-zeh me'im panai v'karahu ason v'horadtem et-seivati b'ra'ah she'olah.

Hebrew Leining Text

וּלְקַחְתֶּ֧ם גַּם־אֶת־זֶ֛ה מֵעִ֥ם פָּנַ֖י וְקָרָ֣הוּ אָס֑וֹן וְהֽוֹרַדְתֶּ֧ם אֶת־שֵׂיבָתִ֛י בְּרָעָ֖ה שְׁאֹֽלָה׃

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Parasha Commentary

Context of the Verse

This verse (Genesis 44:29) is part of Yaakov Avinu's (Jacob our forefather) emotional plea to his sons when they request to take Binyamin (Benjamin) down to Egypt. Yaakov expresses his deep fear that losing Binyamin—as he had previously lost Yosef (Joseph)—would bring him unbearable sorrow, leading to his premature death (Rashi, Genesis 44:29). The term "She'ol" here refers to the grave or the afterlife, emphasizing the depth of Yaakov's anguish (Ibn Ezra, Genesis 44:29).

Yaakov's Emotional State

Yaakov's words reflect his profound grief and trauma from the loss of Yosef, whom he believed had been torn apart by a wild animal (Genesis 37:33). The phrase "bring down my grey hairs with sorrow to She'ol" illustrates his fear that another tragedy would crush his spirit entirely (Ramban, Genesis 44:29). The Midrash (Bereishit Rabbah 91:10) elaborates that Yaakov was not merely concerned for himself but also feared the spiritual consequences of losing another son from the tribes of Israel.

Theological Implications

Yaakov’s statement underscores the Jewish concept of yissurim shel ahavah</em (chastisements of love)—the idea that suffering can serve a divine purpose. However, Yaakov questions whether he could endure further trials (Sforno, Genesis 44:29). The Talmud (Berachot 5a) teaches that suffering can refine a person, but Yaakov’s plea reveals the human struggle with overwhelming grief.

Key Lessons from the Verse

  • Parental Love and Protection: Yaakov’s words highlight the deep bond between a father and his children, a recurring theme in Jewish tradition (Kli Yakar, Genesis 44:29).
  • Trust in Divine Providence: Despite his distress, Yaakov’s story ultimately demonstrates Hashem’s hidden plan, as Yosef was alive and would soon reunite the family (Malbim, Genesis 44:29).
  • The Weight of Sorrow: The verse serves as a reminder of the profound impact of grief on the soul and body, as symbolized by "grey hairs" (Tur HaAroch, Genesis 44:29).

📚 Talmud Citations

This verse is not quoted in the Talmud.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the meaning of Genesis 44:29?
A: In Genesis 44:29, Jacob expresses his deep fear and sorrow to his sons about the potential loss of his youngest son, Benjamin. He says that if Benjamin were taken from him and harm came to him, it would bring his 'grey hairs' (a sign of old age) down to Sheol (the grave) in sorrow. According to Rashi, this shows Jacob's intense grief and the emotional toll of potentially losing another son after Joseph.
Q: Why does Jacob mention his 'grey hairs' in this verse?
A: Jacob mentions his 'grey hairs' as a symbol of his old age and the wisdom and experience that come with it. The Midrash explains that Jacob is emphasizing how the loss of Benjamin would be unbearable in his advanced years, leading him to an early grave out of sorrow. This reflects the deep bond between a father and his child in Jewish tradition.
Q: What can we learn from Jacob's words in Genesis 44:29?
A: From Jacob's words, we learn the importance of family bonds and the pain of potential loss. The Talmud (Berachot 5b) teaches that Jacob's suffering over his children teaches us about the mitzvah (commandment) of honoring and caring for one's parents, as well as the deep emotional connections within a family. It also highlights the Jewish value of compassion and empathy for those who are grieving.
Q: How does Genesis 44:29 apply to our lives today?
A: This verse reminds us of the importance of cherishing our family relationships and being mindful of the emotional well-being of our loved ones, especially our elders. The Rambam (Hilchot Avel 14:1) teaches that comforting those who are grieving and showing sensitivity to their pain is a fundamental Jewish value. Jacob's words encourage us to be compassionate and supportive in times of family hardship.
Q: What is Sheol, as mentioned in Genesis 44:29?
A: Sheol, in the Torah, refers to the grave or the afterlife. Traditional Jewish sources, such as Rashi and the Talmud (Berachot 18b), explain that Sheol is a place where souls go after death. Jacob uses this term to express his fear that the sorrow of losing Benjamin would lead him to an early grave. It reflects the Jewish belief in the afterlife and the impact of grief on one's physical and spiritual state.