Genesis 50:9 - Jacob's grand Egyptian escort

Genesis 50:9 - בראשית 50:9

Hebrew Text

וַיַּעַל עִמּוֹ גַּם־רֶכֶב גַּם־פָּרָשִׁים וַיְהִי הַמַּחֲנֶה כָּבֵד מְאֹד׃

English Translation

And there went up with him both chariots and horsemen: and it was a very great company.

Transliteration

Va'ya'al imo gam-rekhev gam-parashim vayehi hamakhane kaved me'od.

Hebrew Leining Text

וַיַּ֣עַל עִמּ֔וֹ גַּם־רֶ֖כֶב גַּם־פָּרָשִׁ֑ים וַיְהִ֥י הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה כָּבֵ֥ד מְאֹֽד׃

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Parasha Commentary

Context in the Torah

The verse (Bereshit 50:9) describes the procession accompanying Yaakov Avinu's burial in the Cave of Machpelah. This event occurs after Yosef secures Pharaoh's permission to bury his father in Eretz Yisrael. The "very great company" reflects the honor accorded to Yaakov.

Rashi's Explanation

Rashi (Bereshit 50:9) notes that the term "רֶכֶב" (chariots) refers to Egyptian nobility, while "פָּרָשִׁים" (horsemen) denotes military officers. The presence of both demonstrates the high regard in which Yaakov was held, as Pharaoh sent his most distinguished officials.

Midrashic Insights

  • Midrash Tanchuma (Vayechi 16) teaches that the Egyptians accompanied Yaakov's funeral procession not merely out of respect, but because they recognized his righteousness. The "very great company" symbolized how even gentile nations acknowledged Yaakov's spiritual greatness.
  • Bereishit Rabbah (100:7) compares this procession to the future redemption, suggesting that just as Yaakov was honored with a grand escort, so too will Klal Yisrael be accompanied with honor at the final redemption.

Rambam's Perspective

In Hilchos Aveil 14:1, the Rambam derives from this verse the halachic principle of "כבוד המת" (honoring the deceased). The extensive Egyptian escort demonstrates that even non-Jews recognized the importance of honoring the righteous, setting a precedent for Jewish burial customs.

Symbolic Interpretation

The Kli Yakar (Bereshit 50:9) explains that the chariots and horsemen represent different aspects of Yaakov's legacy:

  • Chariots (רֶכֶב): Symbolize Torah scholarship, as the word shares a root with "רכב" (to ride), alluding to how Torah elevates a person.
  • Horsemen (פָּרָשִׁים): Represent worldly success, showing that Yaakov balanced spiritual and material achievements.

📚 Talmud Citations

This verse is not quoted in the Talmud.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What does Genesis 50:9 mean when it describes the large group that went with Joseph?
A: This verse describes the large and honorable procession that accompanied Joseph when he went to bury his father Jacob in Canaan. According to Rashi, the 'chariots and horsemen' refer to Egyptian officials and military escorts sent by Pharaoh, showing great respect for Joseph and his family. The 'very great company' emphasizes the importance and dignity of the burial procession.
Q: Why was such a large group sent with Joseph to bury Jacob?
A: The large escort, including Egyptian officials and soldiers, was a sign of honor for Jacob (Yaakov) and respect for Joseph (Yosef), who was highly esteemed in Egypt. The Midrash explains that this fulfilled Jacob's prophecy that his descendants would return to Canaan, even if temporarily for burial. It also demonstrated that even non-Jews recognized the greatness of the righteous.
Q: What lesson can we learn from Genesis 50:9 about honoring parents?
A: This verse teaches the importance of honoring one's parents even after their passing. Joseph, as a high-ranking official, could have delegated the burial, but he personally accompanied his father's body with great honor. The Rambam (Hilchot Avel 14:1) derives from this the mitzvah of honoring parents in death as in life, showing that respect does not end with their passing.
Q: How does the Torah show that Jacob was respected by non-Jews?
A: The fact that Pharaoh sent Egyptian chariots and horsemen - a royal escort - demonstrates that even the Egyptians recognized Jacob's greatness. The Talmud (Megillah 16b) notes that sometimes the righteous are honored by non-Jews, which brings honor to Hashem's name. This public honor helped establish the importance of Jacob's family in Egypt.
Q: Why does the Torah emphasize that the company was 'very great'?
A: The emphasis on the size of the procession ('very great company') serves multiple purposes: 1) It shows the fulfillment of G-d's promise that Jacob's descendants would be numerous, 2) It demonstrates the transition from Jacob being a single individual to becoming the ancestor of a great nation, and 3) It highlights how even in exile, the Jewish people maintained their dignity, as explained in various Midrashic sources.