Genesis 5:18 - Longevity before Enoch's righteousness?

The Lifespan of Yered and the Birth of Ḥanokh

The verse states: "And Yered lived a hundred and sixty-two years, and he begot Ḥanokh" (Bereshit 5:18). This passage appears in the genealogy of Adam's descendants before the Flood, emphasizing the longevity of the early generations.

Rashi's Explanation

Rashi (Bereshit 5:18) notes that Yered's lifespan was significantly long, as were the lives of his contemporaries before the Flood. He connects this longevity to the fact that the world was still in its early stages, and the divine decree of shortening human life (as seen later in history) had not yet taken effect. Rashi also highlights that Yered fathered Ḥanokh at the age of 162, which was relatively young compared to others in his lineage (e.g., Metushelach, who fathered Lemech at 187).

Midrashic Insights

The Midrash (Bereshit Rabbah 23:4) elaborates on the name Ḥanokh, deriving it from the root ח.נ.ך ("to educate" or "to dedicate"). It suggests that Ḥanokh was a righteous figure who "dedicated" himself to divine service, setting him apart from the corrupt generation before the Flood. Some Midrashic sources also associate Ḥanokh with wisdom and prophecy, as he is later described as one who "walked with G-d" (Bereshit 5:24).

Rambam's Perspective

Rambam (Moreh Nevuchim 2:6) discusses Ḥanokh's unique spiritual ascent, interpreting his "walking with G-d" as a metaphor for achieving intellectual and ethical perfection. Unlike others in his generation, Ḥanokh devoted himself entirely to divine wisdom, meriting an early departure from this world (as he was "taken" by G-d at 365 years, an unusually short lifespan for his time).

Significance in the Genealogy

• Contrast with His Generation: Yered lived during a time of moral decline, yet his son Ḥanokh emerged as a righteous figure, demonstrating that even in corrupt times, individuals can choose the path of righteousness.
• Preparation for the Flood: The genealogy leading to Noach highlights the gradual decline of humanity, with Ḥanokh serving as a brief spiritual beacon before the Flood.
• Symbolism of Longevity: The extended lifespans before the Flood reflect a world where divine judgment had not yet fully manifested, allowing for prolonged opportunities for repentance.