Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does 'Thou shalt not go up and down as a talebearer among thy people' mean?
A: This verse prohibits spreading gossip or harmful rumors about others (known as 'Lashon Hara' in Hebrew). Rashi explains that 'talebearer' refers to someone who goes from person to person sharing negative information, which can damage relationships and reputations. The Torah considers this a serious sin because it harms both individuals and the community.
Q: Why does the verse say 'neither shalt thou stand aside when mischief befalls thy neighbour'?
A: This teaches us the obligation to help others in need and not remain indifferent when someone is in danger or facing harm. The Rambam (Hilchot Rotzeach 1:14) explains that if you can save someone from harm—whether physical, financial, or otherwise—and you fail to act, you violate this commandment. It emphasizes active responsibility for others' well-being.
Q: Why does the verse end with 'I am the Lord'?
A: The phrase 'I am the Lord' reminds us that these commandments come from Hashem and are not just social rules. The Sforno explains that refraining from gossip and helping others are expressions of holiness, reflecting our relationship with G-d. Since He is truthful and just, we must emulate these traits in our interactions.
Q: How does this verse apply in daily life today?
A: This verse teaches two key lessons: (1) Avoid speaking or listening to gossip (as discussed in the Talmud, Arachin 15b), and (2) Take action to help others in need, whether by intervening in dangerous situations, offering support, or reporting injustices. The Chofetz Chaim's writings on proper speech provide practical guidance on avoiding harmful speech.
Q: What’s the difference between 'talebearing' and regular gossip?
A: While all gossip (Lashon Hara) is forbidden, 'talebearing' (Rechilut) specifically refers to sharing information that can cause hatred or strife between people, even if it’s true. The Talmud (Pesachim 118a) warns that rechilut destroys peace. The Chofetz Chaim clarifies that even seemingly harmless comments can fall under this prohibition if they might lead to harm.
Prohibition of Lashon Hara (Evil Speech)
The verse "לֹא־תֵלֵךְ רָכִיל בְּעַמֶּיךָ" ("Thou shalt not go up and down as a talebearer among thy people") is understood by Rashi (Vayikra 19:16) as a prohibition against Lashon Hara—speaking negatively about others, even if the information is true. The term רָכִיל (talebearer) implies one who goes from person to person spreading gossip, causing strife and discord among the Jewish people.
Obligation to Prevent Harm
The second half of the verse, "לֹא תַעֲמֹד עַל־דַּם רֵעֶךָ" ("Neither shalt thou stand aside when mischief befalls thy neighbour"), is interpreted by the Rambam (Hilchos Rotzeach 1:14) as a positive commandment to intervene and save a fellow Jew from harm. The Talmud (Sanhedrin 73a) derives from this that one must not remain passive when another is in danger, whether physically or financially.
Divine Authority Behind the Commandments
The verse concludes with "אֲנִי יְהוָה" ("I am the Lord"), emphasizing that these laws are not merely ethical guidelines but divine commandments. The Sforno explains that recognizing Hashem's authority reinforces the seriousness of these mitzvos—avoiding harmful speech and actively protecting others are fundamental to maintaining a just and holy society.
Key Lessons from the Verse