Leviticus 19:6 - Timely sacrifice or holy fire?

Context in the Torah

The verse (Vayikra 19:6) discusses the laws of kodshim kalim (sacrifices of lesser sanctity), specifically the shelamim (peace offering). Unlike other offerings, the shelamim could be eaten by the owner and their household, but with strict time limitations.

Rashi's Explanation

Rashi (Vayikra 19:6) clarifies that this verse establishes two distinct time periods for consumption:

• First day ("the same day you offer it"): The primary time for eating the sacrifice.
• Second day ("on the morrow"): Permitted as an extension, but not beyond.

Rashi emphasizes that any meat remaining until the third day must be burned, as it becomes notar (leftover beyond its permitted time) and is forbidden for consumption.

Rambam's Halachic Perspective

In Mishneh Torah (Hilchos Ma'aseh HaKorbanos 10:8), the Rambam codifies this law, stating that eating notar incurs kareis (spiritual excision). He explains that burning the leftover meat prevents accidental consumption and demonstrates respect for the sanctity of the offering.

Talmudic Discussion

The Gemara (Chullin 83a) derives from this verse that the second day's permission applies only until nightfall. The Sages debate whether "the third day" begins at nightfall of the second day or at dawn, concluding that the stricter opinion (nightfall) is followed to avoid any transgression.

Midrashic Insight

The Sifra (Kedoshim 4:6) connects this law to the broader theme of kedushah (holiness). By limiting consumption time, the Torah teaches that holiness requires boundaries—even permitted pleasures must be enjoyed within divinely set limits.

Practical Implications

• This law applies to all kodshim kalim, including todah (thanksgiving offering) and nazir's ram.
• The prohibition of notar reinforces the principle that mitzvos must be performed in their designated time (zerizim makdimim l'mitzvos).