Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does it mean to be 'holy' in Leviticus 20:26?
A: In Leviticus 20:26, being 'holy' (קְדֹשִׁים) means to be spiritually elevated and set apart for serving Hashem. Rashi explains that this holiness is achieved by separating from sinful behaviors and following the Torah's commandments. The verse emphasizes that just as Hashem is holy, we must strive to emulate His ways by living a life of purity and dedication to mitzvot.
Q: Why does the verse say Hashem 'separated you from the peoples'?
A: The separation mentioned in Leviticus 20:26 refers to the unique role of the Jewish people as a nation chosen to uphold Torah values and serve as a moral example. Rambam (Maimonides) teaches that this separation is not about superiority but about responsibility—living by a higher standard of mitzvot and ethical conduct to fulfill our divine mission in the world.
Q: How can we apply 'you shall be holy' in daily life?
A: The command to 'be holy' applies to everyday actions by making intentional, Torah-guided choices. The Talmud (Yevamot 20a) teaches that holiness includes moderation—avoiding excess even in permitted things. For example, speaking kindly, eating kosher food, observing Shabbat, and acting with honesty in business are all ways to fulfill this mitzvah.
Q: What is the connection between Hashem's holiness and ours in this verse?
A: The verse links our holiness to Hashem's holiness to show that our spiritual growth reflects His attributes. The Midrash (Sifra) explains that just as Hashem is compassionate and just, we must cultivate those traits. By doing so, we become closer to Him and fulfill the purpose of being 'set apart'—to live as a light unto nations (Isaiah 42:6).
Q: Does this verse mean Jews should avoid non-Jews?
A: No, separation here does not mean isolation but distinction in lifestyle. The Talmud (Avodah Zarah 65b) permits positive interactions with non-Jews in trade and society, provided we maintain Torah standards. The focus is on spiritual separation—avoiding idolatry and unethical practices—while engaging constructively with the world.
The Commandment of Holiness
The verse (Vayikra 20:26) commands the Jewish people to be holy ("וִהְיִיתֶם לִי קְדֹשִׁים") because Hashem is holy. Rashi explains that this holiness is achieved by separating from forbidden relationships and sins, as the context of the verse deals with these prohibitions. The Ramban expands on this, stating that even in permitted matters, one must practice moderation and sanctify oneself—known as "קדש עצמך במותר לך" (sanctify yourself in what is permitted to you).
Separation from the Nations
The phrase "וָאַבְדִּל אֶתְכֶם מִן־הָעַמִּים" (I have separated you from the nations) emphasizes that Jewish holiness is intrinsically linked to being distinct from other nations. The Sforno teaches that this separation is not merely physical but spiritual—by adhering to Torah and mitzvos, the Jewish people embody a higher moral and ethical standard. The Midrash (Sifra) connects this to the idea that Israel's election is for the purpose of serving Hashem and upholding His commandments.
Belonging to Hashem
The concluding words, "לִהְיוֹת לִי" (to be Mine), signify the ultimate purpose of this separation and holiness. The Kli Yakar explains that the Jewish people are designated as a "treasured nation" (עם סגולה), whose mission is to reflect Hashem's sanctity in the world. The Talmud (Yevamot 20a) derives from this verse that Jews must avoid assimilation and maintain their unique spiritual identity.
Practical Implications