Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does 'the fat tail' refer to in Leviticus 7:3?
A: In Leviticus 7:3, 'the fat tail' (הָאַלְיָה) refers to a specific fatty portion of the sheep's tail, which was considered a choice part in ancient times. According to Rashi and other traditional Jewish sources, this was a delicacy in the Middle East, particularly from certain breeds of sheep that had large, fatty tails. The Torah commands that this, along with other fats, be offered on the altar during certain sacrifices.
Q: Why does the Torah specify offering the fat in sacrifices?
A: The Torah specifies offering the fat (חֵלֶב) in sacrifices because it represents the choicest and richest part of the animal, symbolizing giving our best to Hashem. The Talmud (Chullin 49a) explains that certain fats were designated for the altar to teach us the importance of dedicating our finest possessions to divine service. The Rambam (Hilchos Maaseh HaKorbanos) also notes that this practice reinforces the principle of honoring G-d with our highest quality offerings.
Q: What is the significance of the fat 'that covers the inwards' in Leviticus 7:3?
A: The fat 'that covers the inwards' (הַחֵלֶב הַמְכַסֶּה אֶת־הַקֶּרֶב) refers to the layer of fat surrounding the internal organs. According to Rashi and the Talmud (Zevachim 35b), this fat, along with the fat tail, was exclusively reserved for altar offerings in certain sacrifices. This teaches that even parts of the animal not normally seen or appreciated should be sanctified, reminding us to serve Hashem with both our visible and hidden virtues.
Q: Does the law of offering fats still apply today?
A: The laws of offering fats, as described in Leviticus 7:3, apply only when the Holy Temple is standing and sacrifices are brought. Since the Temple’s destruction, these practices are not observed. However, the Rambam (Hilchos Beis HaBechirah) writes that studying these laws keeps their memory alive until the Temple is rebuilt. Some also derive ethical lessons, such as the importance of giving our best in all forms of divine service today.
Q: What can we learn from the commandment to offer the fat in sacrifices?
A: The commandment to offer the fat teaches us the principle of 'giving the best to Hashem.' Just as the choicest fats were dedicated to the altar, we should prioritize holiness in our lives by dedicating our finest efforts—whether in prayer, charity, or mitzvos. The Midrash (Vayikra Rabbah 3:5) compares this to a king who receives the first and best fruits, emphasizing that our relationship with G-d should come before personal indulgence.
Explanation of the Verse
The verse (Vayikra 3:9) discusses the portions of a sacrifice that are to be offered on the altar, specifically the fats of the animal. According to Orthodox Jewish tradition, these fats are considered the choicest parts and are designated for Hashem as part of the korban shelamim (peace offering).
Rashi's Commentary
Rashi explains that the term "כָּל־חֶלְבּוֹ" (all its fat) refers to the specific fats listed in the Torah that are forbidden for consumption and must instead be burned on the altar. He notes that the "אַלְיָה" (fat tail) is a distinctive feature of certain sheep breeds in the region, particularly the broad-tailed sheep, which was prized for its large fatty tail.
Rambam's Perspective
In Hilchos Ma'aseh HaKorbanos, the Rambam (Maimonides) elaborates that the fats are separated and burned as a symbolic act of devotion, representing the surrender of physical pleasures to Hashem. The "חֵלֶב הַמְכַסֶּה אֶת־הַקֶּרֶב" (fat covering the innards) is specifically mentioned because it is considered the richest and most desirable fat, emphasizing the principle of giving the best to Hashem.
Midrashic Insights
Halachic Implications
The Gemara (Chullin 49b) discusses the precise definitions of the forbidden fats and their removal during the sacrificial process. The אַלְיָה and the fats covering the innards must be completely separated and burned, reflecting the meticulous care required in avodas hakorbanos (temple service).