Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does Numbers 15:8 teach us about sacrifices?
A: Numbers 15:8 discusses different types of sacrifices brought to Hashem, including burnt offerings (olah), vow offerings (neder), and peace offerings (shelamim). According to Rashi, this verse emphasizes that all sacrifices must be brought with proper intent and in accordance with Torah law, whether they are obligatory or voluntary offerings.
Q: Why does the Torah specify a bullock for sacrifices in this verse?
A: The Torah specifies a bullock (ben-bakar) here because it was a common and significant offering. The Rambam explains in Hilchot Ma'aseh HaKorbanot that larger animals like bulls were often used for communal offerings or by individuals of greater means, showing the importance of dedicating valuable possessions to Hashem.
Q: What is the difference between the sacrifices mentioned in Numbers 15:8?
A: The verse mentions three types: 1) Olah (burnt offering) - completely consumed on the altar, 2) Neder (vow offering) - brought to fulfill a pledge, and 3) Shelamim (peace offering) - partially burned, with parts eaten by the offerer and kohen. The Talmud (Zevachim 5a) explains these represent different levels of connection to Hashem.
Q: How does Numbers 15:8 apply today without the Temple?
A: While we cannot bring sacrifices today, the Midrash (Tanchuma Tzav 14) teaches that prayer has replaced sacrifices. The verse reminds us to approach Hashem with the same sincerity as one bringing an offering - whether in prayer (replacing olah), keeping promises (neder), or seeking peace with Hashem and others (shelamim).
Q: What does 'performing a pronounced vow' mean in this verse?
A: The phrase 'to perform a pronounced vow' (l'falei neder) refers to fulfilling a voluntary pledge made to Hashem. Rashi explains this shows the importance of keeping one's word to G-d - the sacrifice atones not just for sins, but also for any delay in fulfilling one's religious commitments.
Overview of the Verse
The verse (Leviticus 22:18) discusses various types of offerings brought to the Beit HaMikdash (Holy Temple): the burnt offering (olah), the vow offering (neder), and the peace offering (shelamim). It emphasizes the proper preparation and intent required when bringing sacrifices to Hashem.
Rashi's Commentary
Rashi explains that the phrase "לְפַלֵּא־נֶדֶר" ("in performing a pronounced vow") refers to a voluntary offering pledged as part of a vow. He notes that the term "פלא" (to pronounce) implies a distinct and deliberate declaration, highlighting the seriousness of fulfilling one's vows to Hashem (Rashi on Leviticus 22:18).
Rambam's Perspective
In Hilchot Ma'aseh HaKorbanot, the Rambam (Maimonides) elaborates on the laws of sacrifices, emphasizing that offerings must be brought with proper intent (kavanah) and in accordance with halachic requirements. He stresses that even voluntary offerings, such as nedarim (vows) and shelamim (peace offerings), must be treated with reverence (Mishneh Torah, Hilchot Ma'aseh HaKorbanot 1:1).
Midrashic Insights
The Midrash (Vayikra Rabbah 27:6) teaches that the verse underscores the importance of sincerity in divine service. Just as sacrifices require proper preparation, so too must a person's heart be directed toward Hashem when performing mitzvot. The olah (burnt offering), which is entirely consumed on the altar, symbolizes complete devotion.
Halachic Considerations