Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the significance of Moshe taking the rod in Numbers 20:9?
A: The rod symbolizes divine authority and miracles. Rashi explains that this was the same staff used for the plagues in Egypt and splitting the Red Sea, showing that Moshe acted with God's permission. Taking it 'from before the Lord' emphasizes that his actions were directed by Hashem.
Q: Why did Moshe need to take the rod to bring water from the rock?
A: The Midrash (Bamidbar Rabbah 19:9) teaches that the rod was a tool to inspire faith in the people. Just as it had performed miracles before, its presence would remind Bnei Yisrael of God's power. Rambam (Moreh Nevuchim) adds that visible symbols help people connect to spiritual truths.
Q: What lesson can we learn from Moshe following God's command exactly ('as He commanded him')?
A: The Talmud (Kiddushin 40a) derives from this phrase the importance of precise mitzvah observance. Even Moshe Rabbeinu, the greatest prophet, carefully followed instructions without adding or subtracting. This teaches us the value of humility and obedience in serving Hashem.
Q: Was this the same rod mentioned earlier in the Torah?
A: Yes, Rashi (Shemos 4:20) identifies it as the staff of God first shown at the burning bush. The Midrash (Shemos Rabbah 8:3) describes it as being made of sapphire with God's Name engraved, passed down from Adam through the patriarchs to Moshe.
Q: How does this verse connect to the events that follow with the rock?
A: The Sforno explains that taking the rod properly should have led to a miracle where Moshe would only need to speak to the rock (20:8). However, the subsequent striking of the rock (20:11) shows a deviation from complete faith, teaching that leaders must follow Divine instructions precisely.
The Significance of Moshe Taking the Rod
The verse states, "And Moshe took the rod from before the Lord, as He commanded him" (Bamidbar 20:9). Rashi explains that this rod was designated for miracles and was kept in the Holy of Holies, near the Ark of the Covenant, as a testament to its sanctity. The rod was originally created during the twilight of the sixth day of Creation (Avot 5:6) and was later used by Moshe to perform signs in Egypt and at the Red Sea.
The Rod as a Symbol of Divine Authority
Rambam (Moreh Nevuchim 1:66) teaches that the rod was not merely a physical object but a symbol of Hashem's authority entrusted to Moshe. By taking it "from before the Lord," Moshe demonstrated that his actions were not his own but were carried out in accordance with Divine instruction. The Midrash Tanchuma (Chukat 10) adds that the rod was inscribed with the Divine Name, further emphasizing its sacred purpose.
Obedience to Hashem's Command
The phrase "as He commanded him" underscores Moshe's unwavering adherence to Hashem's will. The Sforno notes that Moshe did not deviate even slightly from the command, reflecting his complete bitachon (trust) in Hashem. This serves as a model for all Jews to follow mitzvot with precision and devotion.
Lessons from the Rod