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Numbers 28:1 - Divine command to Moshe.

Numbers 28:1 - במדבר 28:1

Hebrew Text

וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר׃

English Translation

And the Lord spoke to Moshe, saying,

Transliteration

Vayedaber Adonai el-Moshe lemor.

Hebrew Leining Text

וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃
וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃

🎵 Listen to leining

Parasha Commentary

The Divine Communication to Moshe

The verse "וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר" ("And the Lord spoke to Moshe, saying") appears frequently in the Torah, marking the transmission of divine commandments. Rashi (Shemot 6:2) explains that this phrase emphasizes the direct and clear communication between Hashem and Moshe, distinguishing Moshe's prophecy from that of other prophets, who received messages through visions or allegories.

The Significance of "לֵּאמֹר" ("Saying")

The word "לֵּאמֹר" is interpreted by the Midrash (Sifrei Bamidbar 1:1) as an instruction for Moshe to relay the divine words exactly as they were given, without adding or omitting anything. Rambam (Hilchos Yesodei HaTorah 7:6) elaborates that Moshe's role as the intermediary required absolute fidelity in transmission, ensuring the integrity of Torah law.

Moshe's Unique Prophetic Status

The Talmud (Yevamos 49b) teaches that Moshe's prophecy was unparalleled—Hashem spoke to him "פֶּה אֶל פֶּה" ("mouth to mouth"), in a manner of clarity and intimacy unmatched by other prophets. The Ramban (Bamidbar 12:6) adds that this direct communication underscores Moshe's role as the definitive transmitter of Torah, whose authority remains unchallenged in Halacha.

Key Lessons from the Verse

  • Divine Revelation: The phrase affirms the Torah's origin in direct divine speech, a foundational principle of Jewish belief (Rambam, 13 Principles of Faith, Principle 7).
  • Precision in Transmission: The inclusion of "לֵּאמֹר" teaches the obligation to preserve Torah teachings without alteration (Sifra, Vayikra 1:1).
  • Moshe's Authority: The recurring formula reinforces Moshe's unique role as the conduit for Hashem's commandments (Talmud, Sanhedrin 99a).

📚 Talmud Citations

This verse is not quoted in the Talmud.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What does it mean when the verse says 'And the Lord spoke to Moshe, saying'?
A: This phrase is a common introduction in the Torah indicating that Hashem is giving a new commandment or instruction to Moshe (Moses) to transmit to the Jewish people. Rashi explains that this wording emphasizes that Moshe received the divine word clearly and accurately to teach Israel.
Q: Why does the Torah repeat 'saying' after 'spoke'?
A: The double language of 'spoke... saying' teaches that Moshe was commanded to repeat these words to the people. The Talmud (Yoma 4b) explains this as a model for Torah transmission - leaders must clearly convey Hashem's words to the community.
Q: What is the significance of this verse appearing in Numbers 28?
A: This verse introduces the laws of daily and holiday offerings. Rambam teaches that these constant communications show Hashem's ongoing relationship with Israel - just as the daily offerings were continual, so is Hashem's connection to His people.
Q: Why does the Torah mention Moshe by name here?
A: The Midrash (Bamidbar Rabbah 21:8) notes that mentioning Moshe by name shows his unique prophetic level. While other prophets received visions, only Moshe heard Hashem's words directly and clearly, as emphasized in this introductory phrase.
Q: How does this verse relate to us today without the Temple?
A: Though we can't bring sacrifices today, the Sages teach that prayer replaces the offerings (Berachos 26b). This verse reminds us that just as Hashem spoke to Moshe then, we maintain that connection through Torah study and tefillah (prayer) in place of the sacrifices.