Numbers 3:6 - Levites serve Aharon's priesthood

Context of the Verse

The verse (Bamidbar 3:6) appears in the context of Hashem instructing Moshe to appoint the tribe of Levi for special service in the Mishkan, assisting Aharon and his sons in their priestly duties. This follows the episode of the golden calf, where the Levites demonstrated their loyalty to Hashem (Shemot 32:26-29).

Rashi's Explanation

Rashi explains that the phrase "הַקְרֵב אֶת־מַטֵּה לֵוִי" ("Bring the tribe of Levi near") signifies their elevation to a sacred role. Unlike the other tribes, who were temporarily disqualified after the sin of the golden calf, the Levites remained steadfast in their devotion. Their proximity to Aharon indicates their subordination to the Kohanim in the service of the Mishkan.

Rambam's Perspective

In Hilchot Klei HaMikdash (3:1-2), the Rambam elaborates on the Levites' role, stating that their primary function was to assist the Kohanim in guarding the Mishkan, singing during offerings, and performing auxiliary tasks. Their appointment was a permanent designation, as the verse emphasizes "וְשֵׁרְתוּ אֹתוֹ" ("that they may minister to him")—indicating an ongoing service.

Midrashic Insights

The Midrash Tanchuma (Bamidbar 5) highlights that the Levites were chosen due to their refusal to participate in the sin of the golden calf. Their zeal for Hashem's honor (as seen in Shemot 32:26-29) earned them this elevated role. The phrase "וְהַעֲמַדְתָּ אֹתוֹ לִפְנֵי אַהֲרֹן" ("present them before Aharon") underscores their subordinate position—they were to serve under the direction of the Kohanim, not independently.

Practical Implications

• Hierarchy in Service: The Levites' role was distinct from the Kohanim—they assisted but did not perform the actual priestly rites (e.g., offering sacrifices or blessing the people).
• Loyalty Rewarded: Their unwavering commitment to Hashem during the golden calf incident merited them eternal service in the Mishkan and later the Beit HaMikdash.
• Model for Dedication: The Levites exemplify the ideal of mesirut nefesh (self-sacrifice) for divine service, a lesson for all Jews in their spiritual pursuits.