Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does Numbers 4:33 teach us about the role of the sons of Merari?
A: Numbers 4:33 describes the specific duties assigned to the sons of Merari, one of the Levite families. Their responsibility was to transport and maintain the structural components of the Mishkan (Tabernacle), such as the beams, sockets, and pillars, under the supervision of Itamar, the son of Aharon the Kohen Gadol (High Priest). This highlights the importance of each family's role in serving Hashem collectively (Rashi on Numbers 4:33).
Q: Why was Itamar, Aharon's son, in charge of the sons of Merari?
A: Itamar, the youngest son of Aharon, was appointed to oversee the work of the sons of Merari (and also the sons of Gershon) because the Kohen Gadol and his sons had the responsibility to supervise the Levites in their sacred duties. This ensured that the Mishkan's assembly and transport were done according to Hashem's exact instructions (Rambam, Hilchot Klei HaMikdash 3:8).
Q: What lesson can we learn from the分工 (division of labor) among the Levite families?
A: The分工 between the Levite families—Kehat, Gershon, and Merari—teaches us that every individual and group has a unique role in serving Hashem. Just as the sons of Merari had their specific tasks in carrying the Mishkan's structural parts, every Jew has a purpose in contributing to the community and upholding Torah values (Midrash Tanchuma, Bamidbar 6).
Q: How does the concept of分工 in the Mishkan apply to Jewish life today?
A: Just as the Levites had distinct roles in maintaining the Mishkan, Jewish communities today thrive when each person contributes according to their strengths—whether through Torah study, acts of kindness, or supporting others. The Mishkan serves as a model for unity through shared responsibility (Talmud, Arachin 11a).
Q: Why is the phrase 'under the hand of Itamar' mentioned in this verse?
A: The phrase 'under the hand of Itamar' emphasizes that even though the sons of Merari had their own tasks, their work was directed by the Kohanim (priests). This teaches us the importance of proper leadership and hierarchy in fulfilling mitzvot, ensuring that sacred work is done with respect and precision (Rashi on Numbers 4:33).
The Role of the Merari Family in the Mishkan
The verse (Bamidbar 4:33) describes the specific duties assigned to the family of Merari, one of the three Levitical families responsible for transporting the Mishkan (Tabernacle). According to Rashi, the sons of Merari were entrusted with carrying the heavier structural components of the Mishkan, including the beams, crossbars, pillars, and sockets (Rashi on Bamidbar 4:31-32). Their labor was physically demanding, yet essential for the Mishkan's assembly and disassembly during Israel's travels.
Supervision by Itamar ben Aharon
The phrase "בְּיַד אִיתָמָר" ("under the hand of Itamar") emphasizes that their service was conducted under the direct oversight of Itamar, the youngest son of Aharon the Kohen Gadol. Ramban explains that Itamar was appointed to supervise the Levitical families, ensuring that each clan carried out its duties precisely as commanded (Ramban on Bamidbar 4:28). The Talmud (Yoma 6a) further notes that Itamar's role as supervisor reflected his humility and capability, as he managed the complex logistics of the Mishkan's transport without seeking personal honor.
Spiritual Significance of Their Service
The Midrash (Bamidbar Rabbah 6:11) highlights that the Merari family's labor, though seemingly menial, was imbued with holiness. Their willingness to perform physically taxing work—without complaint—demonstrated their devotion to Hashem's sanctuary. The Sforno adds that their service symbolized the importance of every individual's role in maintaining the spiritual center of the nation, regardless of its perceived prestige (Sforno on Bamidbar 4:33).
Lessons for Leadership and Teamwork