Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What does Numbers 4:37 mean?
A: Numbers 4:37 describes the counting of the families of the Kehati (Kohathites), who were assigned specific duties in the Mishkan (Tabernacle). Moshe and Aharon counted them as commanded by Hashem, emphasizing their important role in the service of the Mishkan.
Q: Why were the Kehati families counted separately?
A: The Kehati families were counted separately because they had a unique and sacred responsibility—transporting the holiest vessels of the Mishkan, such as the Ark and the Menorah (Bamidbar 4:4-15). This counting ensured that only those designated for this service participated, as explained by Rashi.
Q: What can we learn from Numbers 4:37 today?
A: This verse teaches us the importance of assigning roles based on divine guidance and ensuring that sacred tasks are performed by those properly prepared and designated. Just as the Kehatim had specific duties, every Jew has a unique role in serving Hashem, as highlighted in Jewish thought (Rambam, Mishneh Torah, Hilchot Klei HaMikdash).
Q: Why does the verse mention 'by the hand of Moshe'?
A: The phrase 'by the hand of Moshe' emphasizes that the counting and assignments were done under Moshe's leadership, following Hashem's direct command (Al Pi Hashem). This shows that even great leaders like Moshe acted only according to divine instruction, as noted in the Midrash (Bamidbar Rabbah).
Q: How does this verse connect to the broader theme of Sefer Bamidbar?
A: Sefer Bamidbar (Numbers) focuses on the organization and journey of Bnei Yisrael in the wilderness. This verse highlights the careful structure of the Mishkan service, showing how each tribe and family had a defined role, reinforcing the importance of order and holiness in Jewish life (Sforno on Bamidbar).
Overview of the Verse
The verse (Bamidbar 4:37) enumerates the families of the Kehati (the descendants of Kehat, a son of Levi) who were assigned specific duties in the Mishkan (Tabernacle). It emphasizes that Moshe and Aharon conducted this census in accordance with Hashem's command, underscoring the divine authority behind their roles.
Rashi's Commentary
Rashi explains that the phrase "אֵלֶּה פְקוּדֵי מִשְׁפְּחֹת הַקְּהָתִי" ("These were they that were numbered of the families of the Qehati") refers specifically to those who were fit for service—men between the ages of 30 and 50 (as per Bamidbar 4:3). He notes that the counting was precise and purposeful, ensuring only those capable of the sacred work were included.
Rambam's Perspective
Rambam (Hilchos Klei HaMikdash 3:1-2) derives from this verse the principle that service in the Mishkan (and later the Beis HaMikdash) must be performed by those designated and trained for it. The phrase "עַל־פִּי יְהוָה בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁה" ("according to the commandment of the Lord by the hand of Moshe") reinforces that these roles were not arbitrary but divinely ordained through Moshe Rabbeinu.
Midrashic Insights
The Midrash (Bamidbar Rabbah 6:5) highlights the significance of the Kehati family's role, as they were entrusted with carrying the most sacred vessels of the Mishkan, including the Aron (Ark). Their service required exceptional care and reverence, reflecting their elevated spiritual status among the Levi'im.
Key Themes