Deuteronomy 4:22 - Moses' final plea denied?

Context of the Verse

This verse (Devarim 4:22) is part of Moshe Rabbeinu's final address to Bnei Yisrael before his passing. Moshe explains that he will not enter Eretz Yisrael due to the incident at Mei Merivah (Bamidbar 20:12), where he struck the rock instead of speaking to it. The verse reflects Moshe's acceptance of Hashem's decree while emphasizing the imminent entry of the Jewish people into the Promised Land.

Rashi's Commentary

Rashi (Devarim 4:21) explains that Moshe uses the phrase "כִּי אָנֹכִי מֵת" ("for I must die") to stress that his death is not due to natural causes but as a direct consequence of the sin at Mei Merivah. Rashi further notes that Moshe's repetition of "אֵינֶנִּי עֹבֵר" ("I must not go over") underscores the finality of Hashem's decree, leaving no room for appeal.

Rambam's Perspective

In Moreh Nevuchim (1:54), Rambam discusses Moshe's acceptance of divine judgment as a model of bitachon (trust in Hashem) and hishtavut (equanimity). Despite his deep desire to enter Eretz Yisrael, Moshe demonstrates complete submission to Hashem's will, teaching future generations the importance of accepting divine decrees with faith.

Midrashic Insights

• Midrash Devarim Rabbah (2:5): Moshe's statement is framed as a contrast between his fate and the people's destiny. The Midrash emphasizes that while Moshe cannot cross the Yarden, the people will not only cross but also inherit the land—a fulfillment of the covenant with Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov.
• Sifrei Devarim (29): The phrase "הָאָרֶץ הַטּוֹבָה" ("that good land") is interpreted as referring not only to the land's physical fertility but also to its spiritual quality as the place where mitzvot are most fully observed.

Halachic Implications

The Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 425) derives from this verse the prohibition against delaying burial, as Moshe emphasizes his imminent death. Additionally, the Kli Yakar (Devarim 4:22) highlights Moshe's selflessness in focusing on the people's future rather than his own disappointment, setting an example for leaders to prioritize communal welfare.